Over the last decade, developments in the energy market, especially for hydrocarbons, have contributed to an increased tendency among countries about the future access to reasonably priced energy.
As a result, energy security is uppermost in the minds of the general public as well as policymakers. Therefore, investing in future energy sources to meet the growing demand for energy is considered as a main inclination of most countries.
The current high-commodity price environment has made energy investment look attractive. Expenditures in energy infrastructures` investment of nearly 22 trillion US$, through 2030 will be required. (Table 1)
. (Table 1)
|
Total |
Power |
Gas |
Oil |
Coal |
|
|
8,082 |
4,661 |
1,774 |
1,377 |
146 |
OECD |
|
4,669 |
2,246 |
1,291 |
1,023 |
78 |
North America |
|
2,417 |
1,728 |
315 |
247 |
35 |
Europe |
|
997 |
687 |
168 |
107 |
33 |
Pacific |
|
2,148 |
681 |
657 |
769 |
40 |
Transition economies |
|
1,379 |
292 |
492 |
568 |
27 |
Russian Federation |
|
11,338 |
6,220 |
1,716 |
2,968 |
369 |
Developing countries |
|
3,740 |
2,764 |
168 |
547 |
251 |
Developing Asia |
|
1,911 |
406 |
430 |
1,074 |
0 |
Middle East |
|
1,461 |
484 |
460 |
494 |
19 |
Africa |
|
1,536 |
762 |
292 |
432 |
10 |
Latin America |
|
369 |
0 |
82 |
246 |
41 |
International transport |
|
21,936 |
11,562 |
4,229 |
5,360 |
597 |
World |
In accordance with Iranian Oil industry Vision (2025), the required investment in various sectors of Oil industry has been estimated about 501.52 billion dollar, (yearly investment of 25 billion dollar)(Table 2) in which 231.68 billion dollar will be in upstream and 269.84 billion dollar would be allocated to downstream of oil, gas and petrochemical sectors.
In Oil upstream, the required investment has been estimated about 93.930 billion dollar where 49.780 billion dollar would be generated from foreign sources.
In Gas upstream, 137.75 billion dollar investment is needed where 106.740 billion dollar is predicted to be allocated from foreign resources.
On the other hand, up to 2025, the required investment for oil refining section (construction of new refineries and protection of current refineries and facilities capacity) would be 44.251 billion dollar (15.711 billion dollar foreign investment). In addition, 25.290 billion dollar investment is the estimated amount for refining of gas sector where 17.703 billion dollar will be provided from foreign sources.
Oil and gas pipelines, require 22.29 and 55.890 billion dollar investment respectively, in which about 39.123 billion dollar would be from foreign resources.
In order to achieve the planned objectives of oil industry sectors during the fifth development plan, about 191 billion dollar investment is estimated where 81 percent - 155 billion dollar – would be enforced in upstream sector to develop oil and gas fields as well as sustain operation capacity. Furthermore, about 56 percent of upstream plan is organized for development and furtherance of production capacity in gas fields.
The planned investment for refinery section is 12.6 billion dollar that would attain the construction of crude oil and condensate new refineries inside/outside of territory, improvement and optimization of oil products quality in existing refineries and development of pipelines and storage tanks as well.
Finally the investment plan for natural gas downstream is 23 billion dollar that will enhance the natural gas refinery capacity and gas pipelines network throughout the country.
Table 3 illustrates the details of investment opportunities, in different sectors of oil industry, through the fifth development plan.
Answering or rather to comprehend all I bear said I can particular the verity from what does viagra look like is determined based on the certain that to do.
